Fall 2024

You ask me about Messali Hadj and the MNA. This is an extremely complicated story and I hesitate to take any categoric position. It would seem that the French government recently thought of using the MNA and Messali as a …

The French Left has finally returned to political action. On October 27, 1960, summoned by the National Union of French Students and joined by the independent unions—Force Ouvriere, the French Confederation of Christian Workers and the autonomous teachers unions 20,000 …